Wearing thin

April 29, 2015

Thin, toned women. They stare out from magazine covers, television ads, billboards, Facebook posts and virtually every medium. Images of their so-called ideal body type are so pervasive and relentless that they鈥檝e become an accepted part of the landscape.

But there is a dark side. This 鈥渢hin ideal鈥 rattles the self-esteem of many young women and can lead to body dissatisfaction and full-blown eating disorders. Up to 10 percent of the female population may have clear clinically diagnosable disorders or subclinical disorders.

糖心原创 is playing a part in helping to change that.

A group of students pursuing their Psy.D. degrees at the is launching a study for the Body Project, a national research/prevention program designed to help young women resist sociocultural pressures to conform to the thin ideal as well as to improve body satisfaction and reduce eating disorders.

鈥淚t鈥檚 the leading eating-disorder prevention program out there,鈥 said assistant psychology professor Christopher Modica, Ph.D., who is supervising the students on the project. 鈥淚n my career, this is maybe a once-in-a-lifetime thing.鈥

The idea for the project at 糖心原创 began when Modica began communicating with Eric Stice, a senior research scientist at the Oregon Research Institute and an expert in eating disorders, obesity and depression. Stice is the creator and manager of the Body Project.

鈥淭he goal is to improve body satisfaction and mood, reduce the use of unhealthy weight-control behaviors and decrease binge eating and other eating-disorder symptoms,鈥 Modica said.

糖心原创 assistant psychology professor Christopher Modica is supervising the students on the Body Project.

The 糖心原创 project will be led by four student researchers. Once they design the study, get Institutional Review Board approval and receive training from Stice, they will recruit young female 糖心原创 students to take part in the study by meeting in groups of six to 10 beginning fall semester.

Student researcher Jill Klotzman, of Cleveland, said the Body Project at 糖心原创 will focus on the role of the media in promoting the thin ideal. She believes the problem is at nearly epidemic levels.

鈥淲e鈥檙e trying to raise awareness about this thin ideal because a lot of times it鈥檚 almost subliminal,鈥 said Klotzman, who plans to use some of the results in her dissertation.

Student researcher Christina Zawalski, of Rochester, N.Y., said she has heard comments from her female peers such as: 鈥淚鈥檓 not going to eat for a week so I can fit into my dress this weekend.鈥

鈥淧eople tend to think it鈥檚 not such a big deal because it鈥檚 such a part of our community and our society,鈥 said Zawalski.

Especially dangerous, says Modica, is when women 鈥渋nternalize鈥 the thin ideal.

鈥淭hey buy into it and say, 鈥榊eah, women should look like that and I want to look like that,鈥欌 he said. 鈥淚t becomes part of how they evaluate themselves and others.鈥

The student researchers will measure the degree to which young women approve or disapprove of their bodies, the degree to which they internalize the ideals and any eating-disorder behaviors. The students will then go through the Body Project program, be re-measured and perhaps measured again two months later.

鈥淲e will be looking for decreases in problematic eating behaviors and/or eating disorders, the degree to which they鈥檝e internalized these ideals of what is beautiful and decreases in body dissatisfaction,鈥 said Modica.

He said research has shown that the positive effects of the Body Project on its participants can last up to three years.

Student researcher Stephanie-Jane Okpara, of Riverdale, Md., said the researchers are looking for students who express some kind of body dissatisfaction so that their progress can be measured.

鈥淲hat I like about the Body Project is they have exercises that enable the participants to challenge other people,鈥 said Okpara, adding that the program will give students ammunition to rebut and educate when it comes to perceptions about the thin ideal.

One of the exercises will be to show the test subjects different photos of supermodels and ask them what features they think are 鈥渋deal鈥 but unrealistic, such as small waists and large chests.

鈥淚 think that by helping them identify that this isn鈥檛 realistic, we can increase their cognitive dissonance and let go of this belief,鈥 said student researcher Erin Maggard. 鈥淏y pushing that, they鈥檙e going to adopt more of a healthy mindset.鈥

Maggard said many people who suffer from eating disorders avoid seeking treatment.

鈥淚t鈥檚 a way of protecting the disorder; they don鈥檛 want it to go away. It鈥檚 that fear of being fat,鈥 she said. 鈥淪o it takes some coaxing and challenging those beliefs over and over.鈥

Klotzman hopes the Body Project teaches students how to start a conversation about the problem.

鈥淚t鈥檚 something that we don鈥檛 really talk about because it鈥檚 so ingrained in our society; it鈥檚 so normalized,鈥 she said. 鈥淲e want to give these students skills not only to improve their own self-image, but teach them how to be advocates. We鈥檙e trying to get girls to focus more on health rather than just focusing on body shape.鈥

Klotzman wants to have a career helping people with eating disorders.

鈥淚 think there is a widespread misunderstanding that eating disorders are a lifelong affliction,鈥 she said. 鈥淭here is such a thing as full recovery from eating disorders.鈥

Modica said the Body Project sessions will be a place where students can come and talk about the origin of their body-image concerns.

鈥淎nd it鈥檚 an opportunity to evaluate whether you want to accept messages that society gives you or not, and analyzing the costs of accepting them and the benefits of rejecting them,鈥 said Modica. 鈥淚t鈥檚 an opportunity to get to a place where you accept who you are, accept your body and have a much clearer sense of what you think is beautiful and not put so much pressure on yourself to fit some ideal that鈥檚 really unattainable.鈥